Synonym: Panax pseudoginseng
Kinesiske navne: San Qi, Tian Qi
Engelsk navn: Tienchi Ginseng
Familie: Araliaceae
Droge: Rod
Beskrivelse
Der findes flere forskellige ginseng. Den asiatiske eller koreanske ginseng, (Panax ginseng) er den mest efterspurgte, men den amerikanske ginseng, Panax quinquefolius har lignende egenskaber. San-qi, Panax notoginseng, anvendes mod blødninger og smerte forårsaget af blodstase og er beskrevet som et officielt lægemiddel i den kinesiske pharmacopeia. Planten vokser i Yunnan provinsen, hvor dens blade og blomstertoppe nydes som te.(1, 2)
Aktive indholdsstoffer
Panax notoginseng indeholder mange af de samme ginsenosider som Panax ginseng, men i forskellige forhold til hinanden, hvilket giver en anden effekt.(3)
Farmakologi
Fremmer blodtilstrømningen til hjertet, nedsætter hjertets iltbehov (muligvis via udvidelse af blodårene), fremmer kollateral blodforsyning til et iskæmisk hjerte, sænker blodtrykket og regulerer hjerterytmen.(4-6) Panax notoginseng stopper blødninger,(3) hæmmer inflammation, stimulerer proteinsyntesen og har en generelt anabolisk og androgenisk effekt.(7) Saponinerne hæmmer betændelse og virker smertestillende,(8) nedsætter forhøjet blodkolesterol og triglycerider(9). Ginsenosider Rg1 isoleret fra Panax notoginseng hjælper mod forhøjet blodsukker og stimulerer immunsystemet (fremmer syntesen af antistoffer).(10) Kliniske forsøg har vist, at roden er effektiv i behandlingen af hjertesygdomme, specielt angina pectoris og forhøjet kolesterol, lungeblødning, blodig urin, blødninger fra øjet efter trauma eller kirurgisk indgreb (øjendråber).(3)
Egenskaber
Blodstandsende, hjertebeskyttende, inflammationshæmmende, antiarytmisk, kolesterolnedsættende.(2) Traditionelle egenskaber: Sød, let bitter og varmende.
Indikationer
- Hjertesygdomme
Iskæmiske hjertesygdomme, arytmi, angina pectoris, forhøjet blodkolesterol.(2) - Blødninger
Indre blødninger, blod i urinen, lungeblødning, tarmblødninger (f.eks. morbus crohn), blodstyrtning fra livmoderen, traumer med hæmatomer og blå mærker.(2). Kraftig menstruationsblødning med smerte. - Overvægt
Panax notoginseng kan anvendes i behandlingen af overvægt.
Kontraindikationer
Svangerskab
Bivirkninger
Ingen kendte
Toksicitet
Ingen giftvirkninger ved anbefalet dosering
Dosering
Tørret droge: 1 til 3g, 3 gange daglig.(2) Ekstrakt (1:2) i 45% alkohol: Kroniske sygdomme: 25-60 ml ugentlig.(10) Akut blødning: 1-2 ml hver time.
Kombinationsforslag
Panax notogensing kan blandes med andre blodstillende urter som Achillea millefolium, Trillium erectum og Capsella bursa-pastoris.
Referencer
1. Foster, S. Og Chongxi, Y. Herbal Emissaries, Helaing Arts Press, Vermont (1993) 2. Bone, K. Chinese and Ayurvedic Herbs, MediHerb, Warwick(1995) 3. Chang, H M og But, P P Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Matera Medica, vol 2, World Scientific, Singapore (1987) 4. Gao, B et al Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 27, 633, (1992) 5. Lei X L og Chiou, G C Am J Chin Med 14 145, (1986) 6. Tang, W og Eisenbrand, G Chinese Drugs of Plant Origin, Springer Verlag, Berlin (1992) 7. Wang, Y L et al Chung-Kuo Chung Hsi i Chieh Ho Tsa Chih, 14, 5, 35, (1994) 8. Xu, Q et al Chung-Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih, 18, 367, (1993) 9. Gong, Y H et al Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao, 26, 81, (1991) 10. MediHerb, 31st May 1995 Dose Report, Ikke udgivet
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