Risikoen for at få hjerte-kar-sygdomme stiger med alderen. Nu har svenske forskere dog opdaget, at ældre mennesker, som får tilskud af selen og Q10, har lavere indhold af stoffet fructosamin i blodet, og det har i sig selv en beskyttende virkning på hjerte og kredsløb.
Af Bjørn Falck Madsen
Med alderen stiger risikoen for at blive ramt af hjerte-kar-sygdom. Det er en kendsgerning. Noget andet, der stiger, er blodets indhold af fructosamin, som er et naturligt stof, der fortæller noget om kroppens blodsukkerregulering over en længere periode, typisk flere uger. Fructosaminniveauet kan i mange tilfælde bruges til at finde ud af, om en person har diabetes, og forskere kæder desuden et forhøjet fructosaminindhold sammen med en øget risiko for hjerte-kar-sygdomme.
Nu har svenske forskere opdaget, at ældre personer ved at tage tilskud af selen og coenzym Q10 kan bremse den aldersbetingede fructosaminstigning og derved opnå en hjerte-kar-beskyttende effekt.
Målte selens og Q10s virkning på fructosaminniveauet
I deres undersøgelse kiggede forskerne på 219 raske, ældre mænd og kvinder. Halvdelen af deltagerne havde dagligt fået 200 mikrogram selengær (SelenoPrecise) og 200 milligram coenzym Q10 (Bio-Qinon Q10), og den anden halvdel havde fået snydepiller. Forskerne målte fructosaminniveauet hos alle deltagere efter henholdsvis seks og 42 måneder for at se, hvordan henholdsvis de aktive præparater og snydepillerne virkede.
Mindre risiko for hjerte-kar-sygdom
Målingerne viste, at hos dem, der fik de virksomme piller, var fructosamin-indholdet i blodet stort set uforandret, hvorimod det i kontrolgruppen var steget markant. Med andre ord havde kombinationen af selen og coenzym Q10 bremset den forventede, aldersbetingede fructosaminstigning, som ellers ville have øget personernes risiko for hjerte-kar-sygdom.
Del af en langt større undersøgelse
Undersøgelsen, som blev offentliggjort i foråret 2020 i Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, er en del af en større undersøgelse (KiSel-10), som de samme forskere offentliggjorde i 2013 i International Journal of Cardiology. I denne undersøgelse havde forskerne givet selen og coenzym Q10 eller snydepiller til 443 raske, ældre mænd og kvinder i fire år og taget blodprøver løbende for at kunne måle virkningen af præparaterne. Det blev til over 50.000 blodprøver, som senere har vist sig at være en nærmest uudtømmelig kilde til nyttig information om deltagernes helbred.
Mange andre fordele for ældre
På baggrund af disse blodprøver har forskerne kunnet se isoleret på de forskellige virkningsmekanismer, som påvirkes af selen og coenzym Q10. Det er der foreløbig kommet ikke mindre end 16 opfølgende undersøgelser ud af, og de er alle blevet offentliggjort i videnskabelige tidsskrifter.
Selve hovedundersøgelsen (KiSel-10) viste, at de personer, som fik den aktive behandling, havde en 54 pct. lavere risiko for at dø af hjerte-kar-sygdom, og desuden var der målbare tegn på forbedret hjertemuskelfunktion. I de opfølgende undersøgelser, hvor forskerne har set på en række forskellige markører i blodet, har de tydeligt set, hvordan deltagerne i aktivgruppen klarer sig bedre end de andre deltagere. Det viste sig blandt andet ved:
- Lavere grad af inflammation
- Lavere forekomst af fibrose (som gør hjertet stift og ubevægeligt)
- Lavere grad af oxidativt stress
- Færre indlæggelsesdage (hospital)
Langtidsvirkning overrasker forskerne
Hvad de også har kunnet observere til deres store overraskelse er, at der har været en langtidseffekt af selen og coenzym Q10. Da forskerne sammenlignede de to deltagergrupper efter 10 år, var der fortsat en 48 pct. lavere dødelighed hos dem, der havde taget selen og coenzym Q10, og efter 12 år var dødeligheden på 41 pct. i forhold til placebogruppen, hvilket er ganske enestående.
Kilde: Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, september 2020
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