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Humulus lupulus

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humulus lupulus

 

Dansk navn: Humle
Engelsk navn: Hops
Tysk navn: Hopfen

Familie: Cannabinaceae
Droge: Humlekopper

 

Beskrivelse
Flerårig klatrende plante med årlige skud der kan vokse op til 6 meters højde. Skuddene vokser i spiraler, store tandede blade med gulgrønne blomster. De kogleagtige hunblomster (strobiler eller humlekopper) har papiragtige dækblade, dufter karakteristisk af øl og smager bittert.

 

Aktive indholdsstoffer
0,1-1% æteriske olier (bl.a. sesquiterpener som humulen, geraniol, lialol, myricin, luparol, luparenol), 15-25% bitre harpikscomplekser (bl.a. valerianasyre, humulon og lupulon), garvestoffer, phytoøstrogen, asparagin, trimetylamin, cholin.(1, 2)

 

Farmakologi
Valerianasyre, harpiksstofferne og muligvis phytoøstrogenet virker beroligende; lupulon og humulon er bakteriedræbende, asparagin er vanddrivende. Humulus lupulus har muligvis også en antihistamin- og antioxytocin virkning.(2)

 

Egenskaber
Beroligende, søvndyssende, krampestillende, aromatisk bitter tonic(1), udvortes helende og desinficerende.(2)

 

Indikationer

  • Nervesystemet: Nervøsitet, rastløshed, søvnproblemer(1), nervøs hoste eller astma.(2)
  • Mavetarmkanalen: Manglende appetit(1), spændinger i indvortes organer (som mavekramper, irritabel tarm, Crohns sygdom, divertikel sygdomme).(2)
  • Kvindelige kønsorganer: Manglende eller smertefuld menstruation(2), fremmer mælkeproduktionen.(3)
  • Seksualdrift: Humle dæmper seksualdriften hos mænd, anvendes mod ejaculatio praecox, priapismus.(4)

 

Kontraindikationer
Depression.(1)

 

Bivirkninger
Ingen bivirkninger ved anbefalet dosering.

 

Toksicitet
Symptomer, der kan forekomme hos humlesamlere, inkluderer diarré, øget perspiration, træthed, periodevis hyperaktivitet, feber, tunge ben og arme, kvalme, opkastning, appetitløshed, bradycardi, åndenød samt hudproblemer.  Kvindelige humlesamlere kan lide af forkortede menstruationsperioder.(4)

 

Dosering
Tørret droge: 0,5-1 g tre til fire gange daglig.(1) Ekstrakt (1:2) i 60% alkohol: 10-20 ml ugentlig.(5) Tinktur (1:5) i 60% alkohol: 20-40 ml ugentlig.(1)

 

Kombinationsforslag
Kan blandes med Valeriana edulis, Scutellaria lateriflora og Passiflora incarnata i behandlingen af søvnløshed, neurose og nervøsitet.

 

Referencer
1. Bradley, P.R.(ed.), British Herbal Compendium, Vol.1, Dorset: BHMA. 1992, s. 128-130 2. Mills, S., The Essential Book of Herbal Medicine, Middlesex, England: Penguin Arkana, (1993), s. 458-459 3. Bremness, L., Urter i farver, København Politikens Forlag (1995), s. 279 4. Zylstra, H., Full Time Course Notes 5. MediHerb, 31st May 1995 Dose Report, ikke udgivet

 

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